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+/* -*- c-basic-offset: 4 indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- vi:set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4: */
+
+/*
+ QM DSP Library
+
+ Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary, University of London.
+ This file copyright 2008-2009 Matthew Davies and QMUL.
+
+ This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
+ License, or (at your option) any later version. See the file
+ COPYING included with this distribution for more information.
+*/
+
+#include "DownBeat.h"
+
+#include "maths/MathAliases.h"
+#include "maths/MathUtilities.h"
+#include "maths/KLDivergence.h"
+#include "dsp/transforms/FFT.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+DownBeat::DownBeat(float originalSampleRate,
+ size_t decimationFactor,
+ size_t dfIncrement) :
+ m_bpb(0),
+ m_rate(originalSampleRate),
+ m_factor(decimationFactor),
+ m_increment(dfIncrement),
+ m_decimator1(0),
+ m_decimator2(0),
+ m_buffer(0),
+ m_decbuf(0),
+ m_bufsiz(0),
+ m_buffill(0),
+ m_beatframesize(0),
+ m_beatframe(0)
+{
+ // beat frame size is next power of two up from 1.3 seconds at the
+ // downsampled rate (happens to produce 4096 for 44100 or 48000 at
+ // 16x decimation, which is our expected normal situation)
+ m_beatframesize = MathUtilities::nextPowerOfTwo
+ (int((m_rate / decimationFactor) * 1.3));
+// std::cerr << "rate = " << m_rate << ", bfs = " << m_beatframesize << std::endl;
+ m_beatframe = new double[m_beatframesize];
+ m_fftRealOut = new double[m_beatframesize];
+ m_fftImagOut = new double[m_beatframesize];
+ m_fft = new FFTReal(m_beatframesize);
+}
+
+DownBeat::~DownBeat()
+{
+ delete m_decimator1;
+ delete m_decimator2;
+ if (m_buffer) free(m_buffer);
+ delete[] m_decbuf;
+ delete[] m_beatframe;
+ delete[] m_fftRealOut;
+ delete[] m_fftImagOut;
+ delete m_fft;
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::setBeatsPerBar(int bpb)
+{
+ m_bpb = bpb;
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::makeDecimators()
+{
+// std::cerr << "m_factor = " << m_factor << std::endl;
+ if (m_factor < 2) return;
+ size_t highest = Decimator::getHighestSupportedFactor();
+ if (m_factor <= highest) {
+ m_decimator1 = new Decimator(m_increment, m_factor);
+// std::cerr << "DownBeat: decimator 1 factor " << m_factor << ", size " << m_increment << std::endl;
+ return;
+ }
+ m_decimator1 = new Decimator(m_increment, highest);
+// std::cerr << "DownBeat: decimator 1 factor " << highest << ", size " << m_increment << std::endl;
+ m_decimator2 = new Decimator(m_increment / highest, m_factor / highest);
+// std::cerr << "DownBeat: decimator 2 factor " << m_factor / highest << ", size " << m_increment / highest << std::endl;
+ m_decbuf = new float[m_increment / highest];
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::pushAudioBlock(const float *audio)
+{
+ if (m_buffill + (m_increment / m_factor) > m_bufsiz) {
+ if (m_bufsiz == 0) m_bufsiz = m_increment * 16;
+ else m_bufsiz = m_bufsiz * 2;
+ if (!m_buffer) {
+ m_buffer = (float *)malloc(m_bufsiz * sizeof(float));
+ } else {
+// std::cerr << "DownBeat::pushAudioBlock: realloc m_buffer to " << m_bufsiz << std::endl;
+ m_buffer = (float *)realloc(m_buffer, m_bufsiz * sizeof(float));
+ }
+ }
+ if (!m_decimator1 && m_factor > 1) makeDecimators();
+// float rmsin = 0, rmsout = 0;
+// for (int i = 0; i < m_increment; ++i) {
+// rmsin += audio[i] * audio[i];
+// }
+ if (m_decimator2) {
+ m_decimator1->process(audio, m_decbuf);
+ m_decimator2->process(m_decbuf, m_buffer + m_buffill);
+ } else if (m_decimator1) {
+ m_decimator1->process(audio, m_buffer + m_buffill);
+ } else {
+ // just copy across (m_factor is presumably 1)
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < m_increment; ++i) {
+ (m_buffer + m_buffill)[i] = audio[i];
+ }
+ }
+// for (int i = 0; i < m_increment / m_factor; ++i) {
+// rmsout += m_buffer[m_buffill + i] * m_buffer[m_buffill + i];
+// }
+// std::cerr << "pushAudioBlock: rms in " << sqrt(rmsin) << ", out " << sqrt(rmsout) << std::endl;
+ m_buffill += m_increment / m_factor;
+}
+
+const float *
+DownBeat::getBufferedAudio(size_t &length) const
+{
+ length = m_buffill;
+ return m_buffer;
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::resetAudioBuffer()
+{
+ if (m_buffer) free(m_buffer);
+ m_buffer = 0;
+ m_buffill = 0;
+ m_bufsiz = 0;
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::findDownBeats(const float *audio,
+ size_t audioLength,
+ const d_vec_t &beats,
+ i_vec_t &downbeats)
+{
+ // FIND DOWNBEATS BY PARTITIONING THE INPUT AUDIO FILE INTO BEAT SEGMENTS
+ // WHERE THE AUDIO FRAMES ARE DOWNSAMPLED BY A FACTOR OF 16 (fs ~= 2700Hz)
+ // THEN TAKING THE JENSEN-SHANNON DIVERGENCE BETWEEN BEAT SYNCHRONOUS SPECTRAL FRAMES
+
+ // IMPLEMENTATION (MOSTLY) FOLLOWS:
+ // DAVIES AND PLUMBLEY "A SPECTRAL DIFFERENCE APPROACH TO EXTRACTING DOWNBEATS IN MUSICAL AUDIO"
+ // EUSIPCO 2006, FLORENCE, ITALY
+
+ d_vec_t newspec(m_beatframesize / 2); // magnitude spectrum of current beat
+ d_vec_t oldspec(m_beatframesize / 2); // magnitude spectrum of previous beat
+
+ m_beatsd.clear();
+
+ if (audioLength == 0) return;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i + 1 < beats.size(); ++i) {
+
+ // Copy the extents of the current beat from downsampled array
+ // into beat frame buffer
+
+ size_t beatstart = (beats[i] * m_increment) / m_factor;
+ size_t beatend = (beats[i+1] * m_increment) / m_factor;
+ if (beatend >= audioLength) beatend = audioLength - 1;
+ if (beatend < beatstart) beatend = beatstart;
+ size_t beatlen = beatend - beatstart;
+
+ // Also apply a Hanning window to the beat frame buffer, sized
+ // to the beat extents rather than the frame size. (Because
+ // the size varies, it's easier to do this by hand than use
+ // our Window abstraction.)
+
+// std::cerr << "beatlen = " << beatlen << std::endl;
+
+// float rms = 0;
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < beatlen && j < m_beatframesize; ++j) {
+ double mul = 0.5 * (1.0 - cos(TWO_PI * (double(j) / double(beatlen))));
+ m_beatframe[j] = audio[beatstart + j] * mul;
+// rms += m_beatframe[j] * m_beatframe[j];
+ }
+// rms = sqrt(rms);
+// std::cerr << "beat " << i << ": audio rms " << rms << std::endl;
+
+ for (size_t j = beatlen; j < m_beatframesize; ++j) {
+ m_beatframe[j] = 0.0;
+ }
+
+ // Now FFT beat frame
+
+ m_fft->process(false, m_beatframe, m_fftRealOut, m_fftImagOut);
+
+ // Calculate magnitudes
+
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < m_beatframesize/2; ++j) {
+ newspec[j] = sqrt(m_fftRealOut[j] * m_fftRealOut[j] +
+ m_fftImagOut[j] * m_fftImagOut[j]);
+ }
+
+ // Preserve peaks by applying adaptive threshold
+
+ MathUtilities::adaptiveThreshold(newspec);
+
+ // Calculate JS divergence between new and old spectral frames
+
+ if (i > 0) { // otherwise we have no previous frame
+ m_beatsd.push_back(measureSpecDiff(oldspec, newspec));
+// std::cerr << "specdiff: " << m_beatsd[m_beatsd.size()-1] << std::endl;
+ }
+
+ // Copy newspec across to old
+
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < m_beatframesize/2; ++j) {
+ oldspec[j] = newspec[j];
+ }
+ }
+
+ // We now have all spectral difference measures in specdiff
+
+ int timesig = m_bpb;
+ if (timesig == 0) timesig = 4;
+
+ d_vec_t dbcand(timesig); // downbeat candidates
+
+ for (int beat = 0; beat < timesig; ++beat) {
+ dbcand[beat] = 0;
+ }
+
+ // look for beat transition which leads to greatest spectral change
+ for (int beat = 0; beat < timesig; ++beat) {
+ int count = 0;
+ for (int example = beat-1; example < (int)m_beatsd.size(); example += timesig) {
+ if (example < 0) continue;
+ dbcand[beat] += (m_beatsd[example]) / timesig;
+ ++count;
+ }
+ if (count > 0) dbcand[beat] /= count;
+// std::cerr << "dbcand[" << beat << "] = " << dbcand[beat] << std::endl;
+ }
+
+ // first downbeat is beat at index of maximum value of dbcand
+ int dbind = MathUtilities::getMax(dbcand);
+
+ // remaining downbeats are at timesig intervals from the first
+ for (int i = dbind; i < (int)beats.size(); i += timesig) {
+ downbeats.push_back(i);
+ }
+}
+
+double
+DownBeat::measureSpecDiff(d_vec_t oldspec, d_vec_t newspec)
+{
+ // JENSEN-SHANNON DIVERGENCE BETWEEN SPECTRAL FRAMES
+
+ unsigned int SPECSIZE = 512; // ONLY LOOK AT FIRST 512 SAMPLES OF SPECTRUM.
+ if (SPECSIZE > oldspec.size()/4) {
+ SPECSIZE = oldspec.size()/4;
+ }
+ double SD = 0.;
+ double sd1 = 0.;
+
+ double sumnew = 0.;
+ double sumold = 0.;
+
+ for (unsigned int i = 0;i < SPECSIZE;i++)
+ {
+ newspec[i] +=EPS;
+ oldspec[i] +=EPS;
+
+ sumnew+=newspec[i];
+ sumold+=oldspec[i];
+ }
+
+ for (unsigned int i = 0;i < SPECSIZE;i++)
+ {
+ newspec[i] /= (sumnew);
+ oldspec[i] /= (sumold);
+
+ // IF ANY SPECTRAL VALUES ARE 0 (SHOULDN'T BE ANY!) SET THEM TO 1
+ if (newspec[i] == 0)
+ {
+ newspec[i] = 1.;
+ }
+
+ if (oldspec[i] == 0)
+ {
+ oldspec[i] = 1.;
+ }
+
+ // JENSEN-SHANNON CALCULATION
+ sd1 = 0.5*oldspec[i] + 0.5*newspec[i];
+ SD = SD + (-sd1*log(sd1)) + (0.5*(oldspec[i]*log(oldspec[i]))) + (0.5*(newspec[i]*log(newspec[i])));
+ }
+
+ return SD;
+}
+
+void
+DownBeat::getBeatSD(vector<double> &beatsd) const
+{
+ for (int i = 0; i < (int)m_beatsd.size(); ++i) beatsd.push_back(m_beatsd[i]);
+}
+